Florida Biology EOC Practice Test

Which of the following best describes eukaryotic cells?

1. They are single-celled organisms with few organelles

2. They possess a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

3. They can live only in extreme environments

4. They do not contain DNA

The correct answer is: They possess a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

The best description of eukaryotic cells is that they possess a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by their complex internal structure, which includes a defined nucleus that houses the cell's DNA, as well as various organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus, each serving specific functions. This complexity allows eukaryotic cells to perform a wide range of biological processes and can be found in organisms ranging from single-celled protozoa to multicellular plants and animals. The other options do not accurately reflect the characteristics of eukaryotic cells. For instance, they are not limited to single-celled organisms; many eukaryotes are multicellular. They are also capable of thriving in diverse environments, not just extreme ones, and they certainly contain DNA, which is crucial for their function and reproduction.