Florida Biology EOC Practice Test

What process describes the evolution of a population to become better adapted to their local environment over many generations?

1. Genetic mutation

2. Natural selection

3. Artificial selection

4. Gene flow

The correct answer is: Genetic mutation

Natural selection is the process that describes the evolution of a population becoming better adapted to their local environment over many generations. This is because natural selection is the process by which certain traits are favored and passed down to future generations, providing a better chance of survival and reproduction. Genetic mutation, while it can contribute to variation within a population, is not the main driving force behind the evolution of a population through natural selection. Additionally, artificial selection is driven by human intervention, not the natural forces of the environment. Gene flow, or the movement of genes between populations, can introduce new genetic variation but does not necessarily result in the adaptation of a population to their local environment. Therefore, A is the most accurate answer.