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What is a key characteristic of active immunity?

  1. It requires exposure to a living pathogen

  2. The use of memory cells for rapid response

  3. Temporary protection only

  4. It does not involve the immune system

The correct answer is: The use of memory cells for rapid response

Active immunity is the production of antibodies in response to exposure to a pathogen or vaccine. This type of immunity involves the activation of memory cells, allowing for a faster and more effective response to future infections. Option A is incorrect because active immunity can also be acquired through exposure to a weakened or dead pathogen in a vaccine. Option C is incorrect because active immunity provides long-term protection. Option D is incorrect because the immune system is directly involved in the process of active immunity.