Florida Biology EOC Practice Test

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What do lysosomes contain that helps them break down large molecules?

  1. Chlorophyll

  2. RNA

  3. Enzymes

  4. Proteins

The correct answer is: Enzymes

Lysosomes contain enzymes that are crucial for breaking down large molecules within the cell. These enzymes are specialized proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions, facilitating the digestion of macromolecules such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. The acidic environment inside lysosomes is optimal for these enzymes to function effectively, ensuring that cellular waste and damaged organelles can be efficiently processed and recycled. This process is vital for maintaining cellular health and homeostasis, allowing cells to manage and dispose of materials that are no longer needed. The other options, while important in their own right, do not directly relate to the specific function of lysosomes in breaking down molecules.

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