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How does biotechnology utilize living systems and organisms?

  1. To create genetic mutations

  2. To develop or make products

  3. To destroy harmful bacteria

  4. To stop cell division

The correct answer is: To create genetic mutations

Biotechnology fundamentally harnesses living systems and organisms to develop or make products that have practical applications across various industries such as medicine, agriculture, and environmental management. This process often involves techniques like genetic engineering, where living organisms are manipulated to produce beneficial substances, such as insulin or vaccines, that improve human health. Furthermore, biotechnology can enhance agricultural productivity through genetically modified crops that are resistant to pests or have higher nutritional value. Creating genetic mutations, while a component of some biotechnological processes, is not the main focus of biotechnology as a whole. The overarching goal is typically geared towards the innovation and improvement of products and processes. Similarly, while destroying harmful bacteria can be an outcome of biotechnological applications, it does not encompass the full spectrum of how biotechnology is utilized, as it also involves the creation of beneficial products rather than solely focusing on eradication. Stopping cell division can relate to certain biotechnological approaches, especially in medical research related to cancer treatment, but it does not encapsulate the broad objectives and contributions of biotechnology as a discipline.